IHOP Traditional Franchise
Audited FinancialsRisk Score
Pending analysis
Investment Range
$380,550 - $4,375,997
Total US Locations
1,703
Business Summary
IHOP franchisees operate family-style, full-service restaurants under the "IHOP" or "International House of Pancakes" brand. These restaurants specialize in pancakes and offer a diverse menu of other breakfast, lunch, and dinner items. They are typically located in free-standing buildings or traditional commercial spaces.
Corporate History
The IHOP brand first began in 1958. Franchising operations under the "IHOP" and "International House of Pancakes" names were initially offered by various affiliated entities starting in 1960. These predecessor entities included International House of Pancakes, Inc., IHOP Franchising, LLC, and IHOP Franchise Company, LLC. In 2014, IHOP Franchisor LLC was formed and became responsible for all new domestic franchise sales commencing October 1, 2014, as part of a securitization transaction by its parent company, Dine Brands Global, Inc.
Financial Overview
Investment Range
$380,550 - $4,375,997
Franchise Fee (High)
$300,000
Royalty %
4.5%
Marketing %
3.5%
Equipment Costs (Low)
$1,472,000
Equipment Costs (High)
$3,524,000
Working Capital
$125,000
Audited Financials
Yes
Offers Financing
Yes
Audit Opinion
Unqualified opinion
Financial Health Notes
IHOP Franchisor LLC's financial statements show that all profits and losses and distributions are allocated to its sole Member, IHOP Funding LLC. This arrangement means that balances due to or from affiliates are classified within equity as 'Due from Member, net,' and will not be settled until the securitization structure, which includes the parent company Dine Brands Global, Inc., is dissolved. This is a common structure for entities within a securitization. IHOP Franchisor LLC also maintains restricted cash reserves, for example, $19.5 million as of December 31, 2023, which are set aside as interest reserves for its long-term notes, indicating a strong provision for debt service.
Financing Details
IHOP offers direct financing for a portion of the Initial Franchise Fee, but only under the Purchase Program. The required down payment is typically 20%, but can be as low as 5%, and is due when the Franchise Agreement is signed. Any remaining balance is paid in weekly installments with an interest rate between 1% and 12% per annum, capped at the maximum legal rate. The interest rate is negotiable and depends on factors like the current prime rate, the franchisee's financial condition, credit history, restaurant operating history, sales volume, lease term, and the franchise fee amount. The repayment period for the financed portion of the Initial Franchise Fee is typically one to eight years for fees up to $500,000, and one to 12 years for fees over $500,000. In exceptional cases, IHOP may finance the entire Initial Franchise Fee. Additionally, IHOP may finance a portion of the down payment itself through a separate promissory note, usually payable in one to two installments within six months to one year, also bearing interest between 1% and 12%. For new franchise agreements extending existing rights, IHOP may also finance a portion of the Initial Franchise Fee, typically with a 20% down payment and weekly installments over one to two years at 8% to 12% interest. There are no prepayment penalties. If a franchisee defaults on a promissory note, IHOP can declare the entire unpaid balance and accrued interest immediately due and payable, and this constitutes a default under the franchise documents. If IHOP pays a franchisee's obligation (like property taxes), the franchisee has 30 days to repay IHOP, after which 12% annual interest applies. IHOP does not charge a fee for arranging financing.
Performance Metrics
Total US Locations
1,703
Franchised Units
1,703
Corporate Units
0
Avg Square Footage
4,350
Franchising Since
1960
Legal & Compliance Analysis
Recent Litigation
Yes
Bankruptcy
Yes
Litigation Count
17
Litigation Summary
IHOP Franchisor LLC has no pending litigation that requires disclosure. However, IHOP has had 17 concluded litigation cases. One notable case from June 2019 involved a former IHOP franchisee suing Dine Brands and its affiliates, alleging failure to negotiate a lease extension, which led to the franchisee ceasing operations. The claims included breach of contract and unfair business practices. The dispute went to arbitration, and in March 2021, the arbitrators ruled in favor of Dine Brands, awarding them over $1.2 million in costs and fees. Other historical cases have involved terminations for operational failures, antitrust claims, trademark infringement, discrimination, underreporting sales, and class action lawsuits. All these disclosed cases have been concluded.
Bankruptcy History
IHOP Franchisor LLC's Chief Financial Officer, Vance Chang, previously served as the Chief Financial Officer of YogaWorks, Inc. YogaWorks filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy on October 14, 2020, due to business pressures related to the COVID-19 pandemic. This bankruptcy filing occurred after Mr. Chang had left YogaWorks in November 2019. IHOP Franchisor LLC itself, and its parent companies, do not have any other bankruptcy history to report.
Agreement Terms
Initial Term
20 years
Renewal Term
10 years
Renewal Conditions
To renew their franchise agreement, IHOP franchisees must adhere to several conditions. They need to provide written notice between 18 to 24 months before their current term expires. Franchisees must be in full compliance with all obligations under their current franchise agreement and any other agreements with IHOP or its affiliates, and must not have received four or more default notices in any 24-month period during the initial term, regardless of whether the defaults were cured. They are required to pay any deferred Initial Franchise Fees or a Renewal Fee. Franchisees must also demonstrate the financial ability to refurbish and remodel their restaurant according to IHOP's then-current standards, completing all such work before the renewal term begins. They must secure the right to occupy the franchised location for the new term, and, if applicable, sign a new or amended sublease. Finally, franchisees must meet IHOP's then-current standards for issuing new franchises to existing franchisees and sign the then-current franchise agreement, which may include different terms and conditions, such as a different Franchised Area and higher advertising fees.
Training & Support Program
Franchisor Assistance
IHOP provides comprehensive support to its franchisees both before and after opening their restaurants. For pre-opening, IHOP assists with site selection by providing information and reviewing proposed locations. It furnishes standard prototypical plans and remodel specifications for restaurant construction or conversion. Franchisees and their managers receive a mandatory six-week Certified Leader Training program, which includes leadership skills, operational procedures, and food safety certification, along with a capstone workshop. IHOP also provides promotional assistance at opening and on-location support for up to 30 days around the grand opening. For technology, IHOP offers POS system setup, training, and support, with onsite help for the first three restaurant openings and remote options for subsequent ones, all for a fee. For ongoing support after opening, IHOP provides periodic supervision and assistance from field representatives who visit restaurants. The corporate office is available for ongoing consultation and guidance. Additional staff assistance can be requested for a fee. IHOP develops national advertising, public relations, and promotional campaigns, consulting with franchisees on these programs and managing an advertising fund. Franchisees also receive a set of Operations Manuals and access to the IHOP Academy e-Learning system for continuous training. Technology support includes help desk services through the Dine Brands Restaurant Technology Support Center, and mandates compliance with various digital and payment systems like EMV, KDS, and online ordering platforms.
Initial Training Hours
316
Training Location
IHOP training occurs at locations determined by the Franchisor, which may include a virtual classroom, designated IHOP Restaurants (franchisee-owned locations around the U.S.), or training centers.
Ongoing Support
After opening, IHOP provides ongoing support to its franchisees through several channels. Field representatives periodically visit restaurants to offer supervision and assistance. The corporate office maintains ongoing availability for consultation and guidance on restaurant operations and management. Additional staff assistance from IHOP's training team can be requested by franchisees for a daily fee, plus expenses. IHOP also develops national advertising, public relations, and promotional campaigns, consulting with franchisees on the type, content, and frequency of these programs, which are funded through a centralized advertising fund. Franchisees are furnished with Operations Manuals that are regularly updated. IHOP utilizes an e-Learning system, currently IHOP Academy, for continuous learning, and franchisees have access to help desk support from the Dine Brands Restaurant Technology Support Center for POS system issues.
Franchise Requirements
Ideal Candidate Profile
IHOP looks for franchisees who will actively participate in the day-to-day operations of their restaurant. If the franchisee chooses not to be personally hands-on, they must employ two IHOP Certified Restaurant Leaders who have completed the required training or possess the necessary experience operating IHOP restaurants. For business entities, an approved individual must own 51% or more of the voting interests and hold a comparable management position. Ideal candidates are also expected to demonstrate strong financial ability, a good credit history, and relevant experience in the restaurant industry, or specific experience with IHOP.
Industry Experience Required
Yes
Management Experience Required
Yes
Sales Experience Required
No
Technical Skills Required
No
Operational Details
Location Type
retail
Owner Participation
Hands-On
Territory Type
Exclusive
Territory Size Requirements
IHOP defines the geographic scope of each Franchised Area using computer modeling. This proprietary program evaluates factors like geo-demographic information of nearby residents and workers, established drive times for IHOP customers, natural geographical barriers, and traffic patterns. IHOP cannot provide assurances regarding the exact size or shape of the Franchised Area, as these vary significantly based on the aforementioned factors.
Staffing Notes
IHOP requires each restaurant to have two IHOP Certified Restaurant Leaders. These leaders, one of whom can be the franchisee if actively involved in daily operations, must complete a comprehensive training program covering team leadership, guest safety, daily manager workflow, scheduling, productivity management, restaurant hospitality, revenue accounting procedures, team member training, equipment management, and marketing programs. This training also includes team member skills for cook, host, server, combo, and cashier positions. All Certified Leaders must successfully complete an IHOP-approved food safety certification. If the franchisee does not actively participate, they must employ two Certified Leaders. The training team provides initial training assistance to newly hired team members for approximately three weeks around the restaurant's opening. IHOP also uses an e-Learning system, IHOP Academy, which requires each franchised restaurant to maintain two Wi-Fi enabled tablet or laptop devices in good working order.