GNC Franchise
Audited FinancialsRisk Score
Pending analysis
Investment Range
$187,219 - $503,642
Franchise Fee
$12,000
Min Cash Required
$10,000
Total US Locations
2,305
Business Summary
GNC Holdings, LLC operates retail health, wellness, and performance stores that specialize in the sale of vitamins, minerals, and other food supplements, as well as beauty and health management items. GNC Stores offer a variety of products, including sports nutrition items, herbs, health foods, diet products, physical fitness products, specialty workout apparel, and related health-management products. The company also implements an omni-channel strategy, allowing consumers to shop online through its website, GNC.com, and other virtual marketplaces like Amazon.com, with products delivered from distribution centers, corporate stores, or franchised stores.
Corporate History
GNC Holdings, LLC is a Delaware limited liability company that traces its business of manufacturing and selling vitamins and health-management products through its predecessors back to 1935. The immediate predecessor, General Nutrition Corporation, operated GNC Stores and offered GNC Store franchises from 2009 until October 7, 2020. Following General Nutrition Corporation's Chapter 11 bankruptcy filing in 2020, its assets were sold to Harbin Pharmaceutical Group Holding Co., Ltd., the current ultimate parent company. GNC Holdings, LLC began operating company-owned stores and offering GNC Store franchises in the United States in February 2021. The company also runs its GNC.com internet site, sells products on platforms like Amazon.com, and supplies GNC-branded products to various third-party retailers.
Financial Overview
Investment Range
$187,219 - $503,642
Franchise Fee (Low)
$12,000
Franchise Fee (High)
$20,000
Minimum Cash Required
$10,000
Royalty %
6%
Marketing %
3%
Equipment Costs (Low)
$94,500
Equipment Costs (High)
$391,000
Working Capital
$20,000
Audited Financials
Yes
Offers Financing
Yes
Audit Opinion
Unqualified opinion
Financial Health Notes
GNC Holdings, LLC has recently experienced negative same-store sales and a decline in gross profit. The company is focusing on increasing revenue by improving in-store and online customer experiences, implementing targeted marketing, and fostering product innovation. It is also pursuing cost reduction initiatives, including manufacturing diversification and supply chain optimization. As of December 31, 2023, GNC had a $245.4 million outstanding principal balance on its 1L Term Loan. In April 2024, the company made a $40 million payment towards this loan, partially using a $20 million shareholder loan from Jacks Management, but still has $119 million in debt maturing within one year. GNC is currently seeking refinancing options for its 1L Term Loan. Without successful initiatives, GNC's operating cash flows may not be enough to cover its current debt obligations. However, the 1L Term Loan is unconditionally guaranteed by its parent company, Harbin Pharmaceutical Group Holding Co., Ltd., and other affiliates, with this guarantee secured by pledged shares valued at approximately $400 million. If GNC fails to pay, the Bank of China can transfer these pledged shares to satisfy the debt. Additionally, a 180-day standstill period exists for 2L Term Loan lenders before they can act if the 1L Term Loan is accelerated.
Financing Details
GNC Holdings, LLC does not offer direct or indirect financing to its franchisees and does not guarantee any notes, leases, or other obligations. The company also does not finance ongoing store operations or the purchase of existing franchised stores. However, GNC may, at its discretion, extend a revolving credit line to qualified franchisees for ongoing inventory purchases. The credit amount is based on the franchisee's creditworthiness, with a payment period of 50 days from the invoice date and no interest. GNC reserves the right to adjust or terminate this credit and may file a UCC-1 financing statement to secure its interest. While GNC is part of the U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) loan program, its decision to subordinate its security interest to facilitate SBA financing is at its sole discretion. All franchisees and their spouses are required to personally guarantee their financial obligations.
Performance Metrics
Total US Locations
2,305
Franchised Units
750
Corporate Units
1,555
Avg Square Footage
1,250
Franchising Since
1987
Legal & Compliance Analysis
Recent Litigation
Yes
Bankruptcy
Yes
Litigation Count
36
Litigation Summary
GNC Holdings, LLC currently has 3 pending arbitration cases, all initiated in 2021-2023, involving international GNC franchisees. These disputes allege breaches of distribution and development agreements, wrongful termination, and tortious interference, with GNC filing counterclaims seeking injunctions and monetary damages. The company's predecessor, General Nutrition Corporation, also has 4 pending actions from 2013-2020 regarding deceptive supplement claims, lead-containing products without warnings, and wage act violations, which are being handled by a bankruptcy plan administrator. Additionally, GNC's predecessor had 24 prior resolved lawsuits, including class actions over product labeling, marketing, employee wage claims, and franchisee disputes. There were also 5 prior governmental actions against the predecessor, such as a 1994 FTC consent decree regarding hair loss claims, a 2016 agreement with the U.S. Attorney's Office concerning illegal supplement ingredients, and administrative actions related to disclosure accuracy and no-poaching clauses.
Bankruptcy History
GNC Holdings, LLC's predecessor, General Nutrition Corporation, along with 16 affiliated companies, filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the District of Delaware on June 23, 2020. The bankruptcy court approved the sale of substantially all of the debtors' assets to Harbin Pharmaceutical Group Holding Co., Ltd. (GNC Holdings, LLC's current ultimate parent company) on September 18, 2020, with the sale closing on October 7, 2020. A plan of reorganization was confirmed on October 14, 2020, and became effective on October 30, 2020, leading to the restructuring of creditor rights and discharge of claims. Canadian recognition proceedings for the bankruptcy were also terminated on October 30, 2020.
Agreement Terms
Initial Term
5 years
Renewal Term
5 years
Renewal Conditions
To renew their franchise, GNC Holdings, LLC franchisees must provide written notice between 6 and 12 months before their current term ends and obtain GNC's approval. Franchisees must remodel their store if required, not be in default of the Franchise Agreement or any related agreements, and have consistently complied with System standards. They must satisfy all monetary obligations to GNC, its affiliates, lessors, sublessors, vendors, and suppliers, maintaining timely payments. Franchisees need to show they have the right to possess the store premises for the renewal term, which GNC must approve. They must sign GNC's then-current franchise agreement and any ancillary agreements, including personal guarantees, and pay a $12,500 renewal fee by the expiration date. A general release covering all existing GNC franchised stores must be executed, and franchisees must meet GNC's current qualification and training requirements for renewal. Additionally, their gross sales during the franchise term must have been sufficient to cover all operating costs, and they must have a sound credit rating and sufficient financial resources to continue operating under the new agreement. The new franchise agreement may have materially different terms and conditions.
Training & Support Program
Franchisor Assistance
GNC Holdings, LLC provides several forms of assistance to its franchisees. Before opening, GNC designates the protected territory, approves the store site (which must be at least 1,000 to 1,500 square feet), and provides standard specifications for fixtures, furnishings, equipment, supplies, and signs. GNC generally handles store construction or remodeling and project management, for which franchisees are billed. The company provides opening inventory, fixtures, signage, and equipment, also at the franchisee's expense. GNC trains the franchisee and one other person through a three-phase program and provides electronic access to confidential operating manuals. For area development agreements, GNC grants development rights and offers site selection guidelines and counseling. Ongoing support includes making standard specifications available for fixtures, furnishings, and signs, and offering additional training programs and refresher courses at the franchisee's expense. GNC periodically prepares and offers advertising and promotional materials that franchisees must purchase. If a franchisee enrolls in GNC Financial Services (GNFS), GNC provides monthly financial services for a fee. The company offers continuing advisory assistance, including periodic advice on sales, marketing, and operations, as well as newsletters. GNC also reviews and approves franchisee-developed advertising and provides suggested product prices, though franchisees generally set their own prices.
Initial Training Hours
112
Training Location
Pittsburgh, PA or virtually
Ongoing Support
After opening, GNC Holdings, LLC provides ongoing support to franchisees. GNC makes available standard specifications for fixtures, furnishings, and signs necessary for store operation. Additional training programs and refresher courses are offered, for which franchisees are responsible for the costs. GNC periodically prepares and offers advertising and promotional materials, which franchisees must purchase. If franchisees choose to participate in GNC Financial Services (GNFS), GNC provides monthly financial services at their expense. GNC offers continuing advisory assistance, including periodic advice and materials on new sales and marketing developments and operational techniques, as well as newsletters and bulletins about the System. Franchisees must allow GNC representatives to conduct inspections. GNC reviews and approves franchisee-developed advertising. While GNC provides suggested prices for products, franchisees generally have the discretion to set their own prices, though GNC reserves the right to establish minimum and/or maximum prices.
Franchise Requirements
Industry Experience Required
No
Management Experience Required
No
Sales Experience Required
No
Technical Skills Required
No
Operational Details
Location Type
retail
Owner Participation
Absentee Allowed
Territory Type
Protected
Territory Size Requirements
GNC Holdings, LLC defines its protected territories based on population density. For urban and metro areas (Density Class 1-3), the protected territory is a radius ranging from 1/10 mile to 3/10 mile from the public entrance of the store. For suburban and rural areas (Density Class 4-7), the protected territory is a radius ranging from 1 to 2 miles from the public entrance of the store. The exact size is determined by factors including demographic barriers, market strength based on market data profile studies, population density, median income per household, and local competition.
Staffing Notes
GNC Holdings, LLC requires that either the franchisee or a designated manager directly supervise the GNC Store on its premises, devoting full-time energy and best efforts to its management. Franchisees are responsible for training their employees to be competent, conscientious, and qualified to operate necessary equipment, including the POS System, and to provide knowledgeable customer service. While GNC encourages personal owner participation, it does not require the franchisee to personally supervise the store if a designated manager is in place. Franchisees must inform GNC of any manager changes, and GNC retains the right to require any store manager to complete its training programs. GNC recommends 4-6 people for initial store setup.